馮老師閱讀理解獨家講義（一）

應試技巧----閱讀理解及秘訣

1．文章結構、測試要點及應對策略知己知彼，百戰不殆要做好閱讀理解，首先要了解英國人的寫作習慣，一旦了解英文的文章結構，我們只要讀幾個關鍵句子即可掌握全文的意思。同時了解考卷可能問的問題及應對方式。這樣應答起來，便可即快又準。
 

一、段落及文章的主題句。
HestudiedEnglishhard in the university for the test on Sunday.他在大學里，為了考試星期日努力學習英語。
注解：從上句可以看出，英國人在表達句子的時候，把最重要的放在前頭。而中國人卻將不重要的修飾成份放在前面。了解兩個民族思維習慣的不同正是我們做好閱讀理解及寫好英文文章的關鍵所在。英國人寫一個句子如此，在寫一個段落時也是如此。
1、主題句通常在段首（絕大部分文章）-----中心詞及短詞 

 (A)                               
  Helenisthe most conceited(自負) personI know. She thinks she knows everything and can do anything under the sun.  According to her, she is an expert bowler, tennis player, swimmer, and softball player.  She tells everyone that she is the smartest person in the class.  No matter what the problem is, Helen always thinks she can solve it because she believes that there is nothing she can not do. 
注解：英國人在寫文章的段落時，同樣把最重要的東西放在段首，既主題句。此段在第一句“海倫是一個最自負的人”，先說段落主題然后再進一步說明海倫是如何自負。考試中我們只需看一句就夠了，無需全部閱讀。如果不認識conceited，便可讀第二句“She thinks she knows everything and can do anything under the sun.”“她認為在這個世界上她無所不知，無所不能。”從該句也可推出conceited是自負的意思。 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

(B)  
  In the last 500 years,nothingaboutpeople-notheir clothes, ideas, or languages----has changedas much aswhatthey eat.The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the1500’s, and although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. InLondonshops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. 
1．According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?A)        Food.             B) Chocolate.C)     Potato.          D) Coffee. 
注解：在閱讀理解的考試中，經常提問段落的主題句，既中心思想。我們只要讀一句what they eat.就夠了，這樣可以節省大量的時間。 

 Even though ulcers（潰瘍）appear to run in families, lifestyle plays more of a role than genetic（基因的）factorsin causing the illness, according to a report in the April 13thJournal of Internal Medicine. In particular, smoking and stress in men and the regular use of pain-releasing medicines in women were linked with an increased risk of developing an ulcer.1.    The passage argues thatA.    ulcers are related to genes.B.  Ulcers arechieflyrelated tolifestyle.C.    Ulcers appear in men and women.D.    Ulcers are caused by bacteria infection. 
注解：在讀段落第一句時，如果是狀語從句中心應在主句上，從句可以不讀。例如上句“盡管潰瘍是以家庭形式出現，而生活方式在引起疾病方面比基因起到更重要的作用。”因此該文的中心應該是生活方式而不是家族遺傳。應選C。 
2、如果有轉折詞，如but, however等，中心思想通常在這些連詞的后面。